Key information

Duration: 1 year full time or 2 years part time

Institution code: R72

Campus: Egham

UK fees*: £12,000

International/EU fees**: £21,500

The course

International Public Policy and Development (MSc)

The 21st century is witnessing novel global challenges related to terrorism, food supply, climate change, migratory pressures and emerging resource geo-politics. These challenges are complex and multi-level in nature, rendering policy solutions problematic. Political authority is also more scattered than ever, resting with actors as different as international agencies, global policy networks, public-private partnerships or transnational NGOs, in addition to the traditional nation state.

Royal Holloway’s MSc International Public Policy and Development provides you with a detailed and systematic understanding of how political institutions, processes and public policies operate in world affairs. The course brings together the academic studies of international relations and development studies with a practice-based analysis of public policy formulation and governance beyond the nation-state.

Drawing from international relations, public policy and comparative politics, the MSc in International Public Policy and Development will equip you with the theoretical tools and practical skills necessary for an in-depth understanding of policy-making to address contemporary transnational phenomena.

You will study a mixture of core units and elective options, including a generous choice of optional modules, and write a supervised dissertation over the summer. Optional modules for the programme cover key policy areas such as international policy practice, US foreign policy, food security, and global health governance, as well as other areas of the discipline such as new political communication, elections and campaigning, and political theory. Teaching is conducted primarily in small group seminars, supplemented by individual tuition for the dissertation. The course puts a premium on bridging theory and practice, by featuring practice elements and focusing on real world challenges.

The Department of Politics and International Relations has a strong commitment to high quality, cutting-edge research which informs our teaching. We are 2nd in the UK for research (THE, REF Institutions ranked by subject, 2022) and draw on various methodological and theoretical approaches to the study of domestic, transnational, regional and global politics. This includes research into areas such as security, international diplomacy, international law, the use of military force, the European Union and the impact of new communication technology on politics, nationalism and migration.

From time to time, we make changes to our courses to improve the student and learning experience. If we make a significant change to your chosen course, we’ll let you know as soon as possible.

Please note that this course title has changed from MSc International Public Policy to MSc International Policy and Development.

Course structure

Core Modules

This module introduces you to international public policy as a field of contested policy authority in a globalized world. You will develop an understanding of how, at its core, international public policy is about addressing global collective action problems in policy areas as different as trade, migration, financial regulation, economic development and environment. You will discuss key aspects of contemporary international public policy making, including global public goods and the problem of global commons; the theories and empirics of global public management; the role of international agencies, global networks and global public-private partnerships in producing policy outcomes; and dynamics of policy transfer, diffusion and global best practice. You will look at a number of practical examples from various policy fields and levels, from both Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and non-OECD contexts.
This module explores key development challenges faced across developing countries and is divided into three sections. The first critically examines some of the major concepts, paradigms, and theories, which have attempted to define what development is, how and why it occurs (or does not), and to whose benefit. The second focuses on some of the key development challenges faced by developing countries: economic (poverty, inequality, unemployment), political (democracy, human rights, role of elites), social (religion, race/ethnicity/caste, urbanisation), and natural (climate change, pollution, resource extraction, extermination of species). The final section explores possible remedies to these issues through international cooperation (trade, aid, finance, South-South cooperation), national policies (welfare schemes, laws and regulations), and micro and informal solutions.
This module will introduce you to how different methodological and ontological/epistemological approaches can be used to answer research questions in the study of Politics and International Relations and how they inform research design choices. You will be exposed to different types of research questions, and different approaches to using theory and empirical evidence in order to answer them. One of the module’s foci will be the concept of causality and its relevance and meaning from the point of view of different approaches. The module will offer both an introduction to qualitative research methods and quantitative research methods, allowing you to choose which of the two you want to specialise in further.
The dissertation is the culmination of your independent supervised research and will be around 10,000 words in length. Your choice of dissertation topic will be made at the end of the spring term, and you will be allocated a supervisor with expertise in your chosen field. You will submit an outline of the project, with an indicative bibliography, to the Programme Director at the beginning of the third term, and your supervisor will arrange a series of progress meetings over the summer period. Your dissertation may be either a critical analysis of a theoretical problem or the result of an empirical project.
This module will describe the key principles of academic integrity, focusing on university assignments. Plagiarism, collusion and commissioning will be described as activities that undermine academic integrity, and the possible consequences of engaging in such activities will be described. Activities, with feedback, will provide you with opportunities to reflect and develop your understanding of academic integrity principles.

This module will introduce you to advanced quantitative methods that address common problems such as non-linearity of data, multicollinearity in time-series data, causality and experiments. Through the seminar exercises and the assignments, you will gain not only a theoretical but also a practical understanding of quantitative methods and how these can be used in research. In this way, the module is envisaged to set you up for success in your MSc dissertation.
This module expands on the qualitative methods taught in the first term. It explores the ways in which scholars in politics and International Relations engage in qualitative research. Each week we will explore one type of object for analysis and several methods of analysing it. We will explore grounded research, discourse and narrative analysis, case studies, visuals, emotions and archives and we will ask questions about knowledge and power, decolonisation and critical explication.

Optional Modules

Below is a taster of some of the exciting optional modules that students on the course could choose from during this academic year. Please be aware these do change over time, and optional modules may be withdrawn or new ones added.

This module will provide you with an advanced grounding in the key concepts and idea employed in the analysis of international relations. You will explore the ways in which the international system in which we live is not a timeless reality, but rather a particular, socially and historically constructed way of organising human affairs. You will develop an understanding of the key concepts, problems and theories of International Relations and how they inform our normative understanding of world politics, seeing how far these ideas measure up to historical events and processes which they claim to describe and explain. You will also assess the claims made today that world politics is now undergoing fundamental change as the ‘Westphalian system’ is dissolved by the forces of globalisation.
In this module you will examine the theories, concepts and issues surrounding the role of media in war and conflict in the early twenty-first century. The post-9/11 global security situation and the 2003 Iraq war have prompted a marked increase in interest in questions concerning media, war and conflict, and you look at the relationships between media, governments, military, and audiences/publics, in light of old, new, and potential future security events. You will develop an understanding of the theories of media effects in conflict situations, covering a number of important themes, including embedding, sanitisation, legitimacy, and terrorism and publicity. You will explore the role of ethics, technology, and professional norms that inform war reporting, analysing a range of media with consideration for conceptual, theoretical and methodological issues in light of ongoing conflicts around the world.
In this module you will develop an advanced knowledge of the key concepts, themes and issues in United States Foreign Policy. You will look at both the history of US foreign policy as well as contemporary issues, utilising readings of key texts on a weekly basis to provide you with an in-depth exploration of these issues and how Americans think about foreign affairs.
This module engages with a selection of recent work by major political thinkers from a variety of intellectual approaches The focus is on an examination of some of influential recent work in political theory, along with critical commentary on them. We’ll be looking at issues such as hate speech, shaming punishments, recognition, immigration, multiculturalism, partiality towards compatriots and global justice. The module requires a commitment to read selections from the texts we’ll be analysing, aided by seminars where we’ll be discussing their ideas, arguments and themes.
This course provides the theoretical foundations and analytical skills to really examine the questions we ask ourselves when watching the news. What are the real implications of bombing Iran? Don’t we have a responsibility to help the people of Syria? How can we watch it and not do anything? What is Russia doing in the Ukraine? It aims to challenge ourselves to consider issues such as balancing the ethics of drones against improving security, the role of gender, and the wider implications of health environmental protection on international security.
This module provides an overview of some of the key concepts and thinkers in Anglo-American political theory today. Specifically, it examines the themes of freedom, feminism, and democracy, and writers including Berlin, Rawls, Nozick, Sandel and Okin.
In this module you will analyse the content and sources of change in defence policy during the post-Cold War era. You will look at changes to the objectives of defence policy, military capabilities, force structures and doctrines of the world’s major military powers (the US, Britain, France, Germany, China and Russia). In so doing, you will asses the extent to which these reforms have helped the state concerned to meet its central security challenges. In addition, you will develop an understanding of the embedding of defence policies within regional and international institutions and the sources of defence cooperation. You will also see the implications of non-state actors in defence, notably private military companies and non-governmental organisations.
This module will introduce you to theories as well as trends in research of political participation and public opinion. You will develop knowledge and understanding of different forms of political participation and the role that each of these forms of participation play in advanced industrial democracies. The module also focuses on the interplay between individual attitudes to public opinion and policy change. Throughout the module, the impact of systemic features such as the electoral system and the party system will be highlighted so as to provide an understanding of how context shapes attitudes and behaviours. In this way, the module serves to develop a more critical understanding of the complexities of political behaviour research.
In this module you will examine why people vote for different political parties, and how their behavior is shaped by the mobilization strategies of political parties and institutional arrangements. You will learn how social divisions are translated into political visions, and how the mechanisms of accountability and representation operate in different political and economic contexts. You will develop an understanding of how campaigns shape voting behavior and influence the criteria citizens use in deciding how to vote, see how these patterns have changed over time, and be able to identify the main factors that shape electoral behavior and election outcomes across western democracies.
This module introduces you to international public policy as a field of contested policy authority in a globalized world. You will develop an understanding of how, at its core, international public policy is about addressing global collective action problems in policy areas as different as trade, migration, financial regulation, economic development and environment. You will discuss key aspects of contemporary international public policy making, including global public goods and the problem of global commons; the theories and empirics of global public management; the role of international agencies, global networks and global public-private partnerships in producing policy outcomes; and dynamics of policy transfer, diffusion and global best practice. You will look at a number of practical examples from various policy fields and levels, from both Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and non-OECD contexts.
The module will provide you with an introduction to how the world's largest single market, the European Union (EU), operates as a political system. You will develop an understanding of how executive powers are exercised by the Commission and European Council, how legislative powers are exercised by the EU Council and the European Parliament, and how the powers of the European Court of Justice enforce EU law. You will look at policy areas that do not involve direct public spending: the creation and enforcement of the single market, the effect of EU regulation on social and environmental matters, the history and development of the euro followed by its crisis, and the development and challenge of the EU's policies of freedom, security and justice, including asylum, immigration and counter-terrorism.
This module explores key development challenges faced across developing countries and is divided into three sections. The first critically examines some of the major concepts, paradigms, and theories, which have attempted to define what development is, how and why it occurs (or does not), and to whose benefit. The second focuses on some of the key development challenges faced by developing countries: economic (poverty, inequality, unemployment), political (democracy, human rights, role of elites), social (religion, race/ethnicity/caste, urbanisation), and natural (climate change, pollution, resource extraction, extermination of species). The final section explores possible remedies to these issues through international cooperation (trade, aid, finance, South-South cooperation), national policies (welfare schemes, laws and regulations), and micro and informal solutions.
In this module you will develop an understanding of the methodological and substantive debates and issues that shape the study of conflict. You look at the conceptual and practical issues and problems involved in conflict studies, and consider the central political issues and conflicts within and among the countries of the Middle East, and how these have historically developed. You will also examine the main international, transnational and domestic forces that affect the conduct of their internal and external affairs.
Food insecurity has always been and still continues to be one of the key global development issues. Close to one billion people around the world go to bed hungry every night, two billion people experience micronutrient malnutrition and almost the same number are overweight or obese. Global food security is predicted to worsen further in the near future as climate change hinders agricultural production, by inducing higher temperatures, more frequent droughts and floods, and land degradation, and global population continues to rise, topping nine billion by mid-century. This course will enhance students’ understanding of some of the complex issues and controversies that surround globalisation of agriculture and the global food chain, and review and discuss factors that influence food and nutrition security at the global, national, community and household levels.
In this module you will develop an understanding of the modern history of West Asia, looking at countries such as Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. You will look at how the politics of these countries can be interpreted, considering events such as the Cold War, the War on Terror, Pan-Arabism, the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict, the Islamic Revolution in Iran, the Arab Spring, and the rise of the Islamic State. You will also explore the specific constellation of national, societal, and individual-level factors that shape the politics of West Asian countries and sub-regions, such as the Persian Gulf Monarchies and the Levant.
This module looks into how political communication strategies play an important role in shaping and monitoring government actions. The course examines the relationship between media, campaigns, government and citizens’ at different stages of the political cycle. From the formulation of coherent campaigns to be elected for office and the definition of public problems and agenda setting, to the implementation and evaluation of policies and during crisis.

Teaching & assessment

Assessment is carried out by a variety of methods including coursework and a dissertation.

Entry requirements

2:2

Prospective students should have an undergraduate honours degree (or overseas equivalent) in an essay based subject. Other subjects may be considered.

International & EU requirements

Bachelors Degree/ Bachelor Honours Degree: GPA 2.6

Masters degree: GPA 3.0/ 80%

Diplomë e Integruar e Nivelit të Dytë:or Diplomë e Nivelit të Parë: 7/10, or Master i Shkencave në Mjekësi të Përgjithshme / në Mjekësi Veterinarë / ne Stomatologji: 7/10

Licence, Diplôme, Diplôme d'Études Supérieures, Diplôme de Docteur en Pharmacie: 11/20

Batxelor: 5/10

Grau de Licenciado/a: 13/10

Bachelor degree from The University of the West Indies: GPA 2.5

Título, Grado de Licenciado/A: 6/10

Specialist Diploma, (Diplom bakalavri astichan), Bachelor degree from American University of Armenia: 70%, GPA 3.0 out of 4, or 14 out of 20

Bachelor degree (Honours) with a 2:2, or a Bachelor degree (Ordinary) with a Pass with 57% overall.

Bachelor degree or Fachhochschuldiplom/Diplom (FH): Bestanden- PASS, Befriedigend - Satisfactory, or 3 out of 5

Bachelor degree (Bakalavr) or Specialist Diploma with 3.5 out of 5 or 70% overall.

Bachelor degree from The University of the West Indies: 2:2, GPA 2.5

Bachelor degree: 2.6/4 or 3.2/5 or 65%

4 year Bachelor degree from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) with a First Class Division or a Masters Degree following a 3 or 4 year degree.

Specialist Diploma 6/10, or Bachelor Degree 8/10

Bachelor degree with grade 12 overall or the Licentiaat or Licence and other two cycle diplomas with grade 12 overall.

Bachelor degree from The University of the West Indies: 2:2 or GPA 2.5

Diplôme d'études Approfondies/Supérieures/Master: 13 out of 20

Bachelors degree: 60%

Licenciado/Titulo de.... :60%, or Titulo de Bachiller Universitario: 70%

Diploma Visokog Obrazovanja Diploma Visokog Obrazovanja / Diplomirani with Grade 8

Bachelors or Masters: 60%

Título de Bacharel/ Titlo de... 6.5/10

Bachelor degree from The University of the West Indies: 2:2

Bachelor (Honours) Degree: Lower Second Class, or Bachelor (Ordinary) Degree GPA 2.5/5

Bakalavar or Diploma of Completed Higher Education with a Grade 4 out 6 overall.

Diploma d’Etudes Approfondies: 13/20

Diplome d’Etudes Approfondies: 70%

Masters degree: 60%

12/20 or GPA 2.5/4

4 year Bachelor degree with 62%, a GPA 2.5 out of 4, Grade 6 out of 12 or grade C+ overall OR 3 year Bachelor degree with 73%, a GPA of 3.1 out of 4, Grade 8 out of 12 or grade B overall, depending on the grading scheme.

Grau de Licenciado/a: 13/20

The University of the West Indies, or University of College of the Cayman Islands: 65%

Diplome d’Ingenieur (non-honours): 14/20

Diplôme d'Etat de Doctorat en Médecine, Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies 13/20

Grado de Licenciado en..., or Grado de Bachiller: 4.6/7

4 year Bachelors degree with an overall 65% to 70% or GPA of 2.8 to 3.0 out of 4.0 depending on the institution.

Licenciado en, Licenciado en, or Diploma de: 3.5/5

Licenciado, Bachiller: 7.5/10

Diplôme d'études supérieures spécialisées, Diplôme d'études approfondies, Diplôme d'Etat de docteur en Pharmacie: 13/20

3 out of 5 overall in the Baccalaureus Prvostupnik or Visoko Obrazovanja/Level VII/1 (second level degree obtained on completion of 4-6 year course).

Titulo de Licenciado/ Arquitecto / Inginiero / Doctor: 3.5/5

Overall 6.5 out of 10 or a GPA of 2.5 out of 4 in a Bachelor degree from a public university, Ptychion (from University of Cyprus) or Bachelor degree awarded by a private institution (the programme must be accredited by the Ministry of Education and Culture).

Bakalar with dobre (good), score of 2 or Grade C overall.

Diplome d’Etudes Speciales, Diplome d'Etudes Approfondies, Maistrise/Diplome d'Ingenieur/Diplome d'etudes superieures:

7 from 13 points grading system or 4 from 7 points grading system in a Bachelor degree, Candidatus Philosophiae or Professionbachelor.

Diplome d'Ingenieur Bien, or Maitrise/ Master: 14

The University of the West Indies: Lower Second Class Honours, or BSc in Nursing from Dominica State College

Licenciado/Titulo: 75%

Titulo de Licenciado/a from Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa'e

Titulo de Licenciado/ Titulo: 7/10 OR 70%

University bachelors degree with a GPA of 2.4 overall or 65% overall

Licenciado/ Titulo de: 6.5/10

Masters Degree: 2.6/4

71-80%, 3 or C overall in a Bakalaurusekraad/Diploma, Magister or Magistrikraad

2.5 out of 4

Bachelor Degree: 2.5 or overall grade Satisfactory

GPA of 1.4 where marks are in 1 - 3 system or GPA of 2.5 where marks are in 1 - 5 system in a Kandidaattii/Kandidat or Maisteri/Magister

Licence awarded from 2009 with grade 10-11.99 or Maitrise (pre-Bologna) with grade 11

Diplome D'Ingenieur, or Maitrise: Bien

Master's degree: 60%/ GPA 2.7/4.3

Bakalarvis Khariskhi: 71%

Grade 3 overall in a Bachelor, Fachhochschuldiplom or Magister Artium

Bachelor degree with a Second Class Lower Division overall.

6 out of 10 overall in a Diploma from the Faculties of Engineering and Agriculture or a Ptychion (Bachelor degree) awarded by an AEI.

Bachelor degree from The University of the West Indies: GPA 2.5

Licenciado/ Titulo: Pass mark of 51% University: 60% or Pass mark of 61% Universities: 70%

Diplôme d'Etat de docteur en médecine, or Diplome d’Etudes Superieures/Maitrise/Diplome d’Etudes Approfondies : 14/20

65%, or 3.0 out of 4

Titulo de Licenciado/a/Grado Academico de Licenciatura: 70%

Bachelors degree degree with a Second Class Honours, Lower Division.

Egyetemi Oklevel /Foiskola Oklevel/ Alapfokozat with 3 out of 5 overall.

Baccalaurreatus with grade 6.5 out of 10 overall or Kandidatsprof / Cadidatus Mag with 6 out of 10 overall.

Bachelor degree with 55% to 60% overall or a CGPA of 5.5 to 6 out of 10 overall depending on the NIRF 1-100 institution ranking

Bachelor degree or Diploma IV with overall GPA of 2.8.

Bachelor Degree/Professional Doctorate with 12 out of 20 overall.

Bachelor’s degree (four years) with 70% overall.

Bachelors degree with at least 65% overall depending on the mark scheme.

Diploma di Laurea or Licenza di Accademia di Belle Arti with 80 out of 110 overall.

Bachelor degree (when accredited by the University Council of Jamaica, or when awarded by the Council of Community Colleges of Jaimaica): Second Class Lower Division

Bachelor degree (Gakushi) with a B overall, dependent on the mark scheme.

Bachelor degree: GPA 2.8 out of 4, Good, C, 68%

Bakalavr or Specialist Diploma with 3.5 out of 5, 75% or 2.67 out of 4.33, or 2.67 out of 4 overall.

Bachelor degree with a Second Class Honours (lower division) overall.

Bacelor/Bachelor Degree: C - Good

Bachelor degree with B or a GPA of 2.6 overall.

Specialist Diploma, Bachelor Degree, Masters Degree: 3.0 out of 4 or 4.0 out of 5

Masters degree: C or GPA 2.0

Bakalaura Diploms or Professional Bakalaura Diploms with Grade 6 overal.

Bachelor Degree/ Licence: 70%

Masters Degree: 65%

Master's degree: 70% or GPA 2.4 out of 4.0

Bachelor Degree of Medicine/Surgery/Architecture/Engineering: 65% or 2.6/4

Dipl Ing (FH) or Dipl Arch (FH) from Liechtenstein Technical College with a Grade 4.4/6 overall.

7 out of 10 overall in a Bakalauras or Specialist Diploma.

Bachelor or Diplome d'ingenieur industriel: 14/20

Licenciatura: Lower Second Class Honours or GPA 2.5

Diplome d'Ingenieur: 13/20

Masters Degree: 60%

Bachelor degree with Class 2 Division ii, B or 2.6 out of 4.0 overall.

Bachelor degree (Maldives National University): GPA 2.5

Diplôme d'Etat de docteur en Pharmacie: GPA 15 out of 20

Honours degree with a Second Class (Lower Division) overall.

Maitrise: 13/20

Bachelor Degree: Class II division II

Titulo de Licenciado/Titulo: GPA 7 out of 10 or 70%

Diplomă de Licenţă: 7/10

Bachelor degree (awarded after 2012): 80 out of 100

Masters Degree: 70%

Diploma o završenim osnovnim akademskim studijama: Grade C

Licence/Licence d'Etudes Fondamentales/Licence Profesionnelle: GPA 111 out of 20

Grau de Mestre: 12/20

Master's degree: 60%

Bachelor Honours / Professional Bachelor degree: 60%

Bachelor degree (4 years) or Master's degree (following a 3-year Bachelor degree): 65%

Bachelor degree or Doctoraal with Grade 6.0 out of 10 overall.

Bachelor degree Honours or Ordinary with an overall Grade C+ or Grade 3 out of 9 points grading system.

Licenciado/Titulo: 80%

Diplôme d'études Approfondies or Diplôme d'études Supérieures Spécialisées: 15 out of 20

Bachelor degree with a Second Class Honours, Lower Division or overall GPA of 2.4 out of 5.

Visoko Obrazovanja with 7 out of 10 overall.

Bachelor degree GPA 2.6 to 2.8 depending on your institution.

Bachelor degree, Candidatus Magisterii, Sivilingeni-r (siv. ing.) (Engineering degree ) or Sivil?konom (siv. ?k.) (Economics degree) Grade D or 3.25 where 1 is the highest.

Bachelor degree with an overall GPA of 2.6/4

4 year Bachelor degree or combined bachelors degree and Master degree for the duration of 4 years with 58% - 65% or a CGPA of 2.8 - 3.2 overall depending on your institution.

Bachelor degree: GPA 3.0 out of 4.0, 80%, B

Licenciado/ Titulo: 70%

Bachelor Honours Degree: Class II, Division B

Titulo de Licenciado/ TItulo: 3.5/5

Grado Academico de Bachiller: 13/20

Bachelor degree (awarded from 2022): 2.5/4, or Masters degree: 2.5/5

Licencjat, Inzynier or Bachelor with grade 4 out of 5

Diploma de Estudos Superiores Especializadoswith grade 14 overall or Licenciado with grade 13 overall.

Bachelor degree: 70/100 or GPA 2.0 out of 4.0

Bachelor degree with an overall GPA of 2.8 overall.

Maitrise: 13/20

Diploma de Licenta, Diploma Inginer or Diploma de Arhitect with 7.0 out of 10 overall.

Bakalavr Bachelor degree or Specialist Diploma with 3.5 out of 5 or 70% overall.

Bachelor Honours Degree: 13/20

Bachelor degree when studied at University of South Pacific, Samoa: GPA 2.5

Licenciatura: 13/20

Bachelor degree with 65%, 3.25 out of 5.0 or 2.5 out of 4.0 overall.

Diplom Visokog Obrazovanja (second-level degree obtained on completion of a four to six-year course) with 7 out of 10 overall.

Bachelor Degree: Lower Second Class

Bachelors Degree (Honours): Lower Second Class

Bachelor degree (from a public university) with a Class II (lower) overall.

Bakalar or Magister / Inzinier with vel'mi dobre (very good) or Grade 2 overall.

Diplomirani / Diplomirani Inzenir from Visoko izobrazevanje, University Diploma or Visoko Obrazovanja (until 1999) with 7 out of 10 (8 for Visoko Obrazovanja) overall.

Bachelor degree when studied at University of South Pacific, Vanuatu: GPA 2.5

Bachelor (Honours), Bachelor or Professional Bachelor degree with 60% or Second Class Lower Division.

Bachelor (Haksa) degree with 3.0 out of 4.5, 2.9 out of 4.3 or 2.8 out of 4.0.

Bachelor Honours degree: 2.5/4.0 Division Two Lower

Licenciado, Titulo de Ingeniero or Titulo de Arquitecto with 6 out of 10.

Bachelor degree from The University of the West Indies: GPA 2.5 Second Class Honours, Lower Division

Bachelor Honours Degree: 60%

Bachelor degreee, Masters Degree, MO-B Akte Diploma: Met Genoegen (Good)

Bachelor degree: 70%

Bachelor degree from National University or Private University with 68% to 73% or GPA 2.8 to 3.0 depending on your institution.

Specialist Diploma: 3.5/5

Bachelor degree with a 2nd Class Honours (Lower) overall.

Bachelor degree GPA 2.4 to 2.6 depending on your institution.

Diplôme d'études supérieures, Diplôme d'études approfondies: 13/20

Bachelor or Masters degree from the University of the South Pacific: 70%/ B+

Bachelor degree (when accredited by the Accreditation Council of Trinidad and Tobago (ACTT)): Lower Second Class Honours

12 out of 20 (Assez Bien)

Bachelor degree GPA 2.6 to 2.8 depending on your institution.

Ýokary bilim hakynda şahadatnama: 3.5/5

Bachelor degree (accredited by the Council of Community Colleges of Jamaica)

Bachelor degree: Class II Lower/ Honours Lower/ 3.0-3.9/ B

Bachelor degree (post 2007) or Specialist Diploma (after 1991) with a Grade 3, 9 out of 12 or 3.5 out of 5 overall.

Bachelor degree with 80%, a GPA of 2.8 out of 4, C+ or Good overall.

Bachelor degree with a GPA of 2.6 overall.

Bachelor Honours Degree: GPA 2.5 or Second Class Honours, Lower Division

Titulo de Licenciado/Titulo: GPA 7/12

Diplomi: 70%

Kandidatexamen with at least a Pass (godkand) overall.

Bachelor degree when studied at University of South Pacific, Vanuatu: GPA 2.5

Titulo de Licenciado/Titulo: 70% or 11 from high ranking institution

Bachelor degree or Bang tot nghiep dai hoc with 6.5 out of 10.

Masters Degree: 63%

Masters Degree: 55%

60%-64%, Second Class Honours, Lower Division

English language requirements

IELTS: 6.5 overall. No subscore lower than 6.0.
Pearson Test of English: 67 overall. No other subscore lower than 64.
Trinity College London Integrated Skills in English (ISE): ISE III.
Cambridge English: Advanced (CAE) grade C.
TOEFL iBT: 88 overall with Reading 22 Listening 20 Speaking 22 Writing 24.
Duolingo: 120 overall and no sub-score below 115.

Your future career

Graduates of political degrees have much to offer potential employers having developed a range of transferable skills, both practical and theoretical, whilst studying with us. With up to 90% of our most recent graduates now working or in further study, according to the Complete University Guide 2015, it’s true to say our graduates are highly employable.

The methodological nature of a politics degree provides graduates with valuable analytical and research skills in preparation for careers in government, political consultancy, NGOs and research organisations.

In recent years, departmental graduates have secured jobs in a wide range of professions, such as the law, the civil service, accountancy, management, journalism, broadcasting, teaching, international development and diplomacy. In fact, six-months after graduation, 90% of our most recent graduates are enhancing their skills with further study or forging careers in companies and institutions such as:

Amnesty International
Bloomberg
The Church of England
Citigroup
The Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative
The Conservative Party
Ernst & Young
The European Commission Global Capital
HM Treasury
The Henry Jackson Society
House of Commons
Ipsos MORI
The Labour Party
KAYAK
NATO Headquarters
Oxford Business Group
Proctor & Gamble
Quadrangle
Save the Children

Fees, funding & scholarships

Home (UK) students tuition fee per year*: £12,000

EU and international students tuition fee per year**: £21,500

Other essential costs***: There are no single associated costs greater than £50 per item on this course

How do I pay for it? Find out more about funding options, including loans, grants, scholarships and bursaries.

* and ** These tuition fees apply to students starting their course on a full-time basis in the academic year 2026/27. Students studying on the standard part-time course structure over two years are charged 50% of the full-time applicable fee for each study year.

Royal Holloway reserves the right to increase all postgraduate tuition fees annually. For further information, see fees and funding.

** These estimated costs relate to studying this particular degree at Royal Holloway during the 2026/27 academic year, and are included as a guide. Costs, such as accommodation, food, books and other learning materials and printing, have not been included.